普通民宅電氣負荷的計算和戶內線纜的選擇.doc

負荷計算的目的是為了合理地選擇導線截面，確保電氣線路和設備經濟、安全地運行。常用計算負荷的方法中有“需要系數”法，該法較簡單、精確度較高，且是實用的工程計算方法，因而得到廣泛的應用。
　　一、電器負荷的計算
　　確定了各用電設備容量之后，將各用電設備分類，即將感性負荷與純阻性負荷分類。現在民宅中的感性負荷主要有洗衣機、空調器、電冰箱、電風扇、熒光燈中的電感性鎮流器；純阻性負荷主要有電飯（火）鍋、電熱水器、電熱取暖器、白熾燈、加熱器等。要進行分類計算。
　　有功計算負荷等于同類用電設備的容量總和乘以一個需要系數，即
　　Ｐｊｓ＝Ｋｘ?∑Ｐｅ
The purpose of load calculation is a reasonable choice to lead cross-section, to ensure that electrical wiring and equipment for economic and safe operation. Load calculation methods commonly used the "need factor" method, the method is relatively simple, high precision, and is a practical engineering method, which is widely used.
An electrical load calculation
Electrical equipment to determine the capacity of each will be followed by the electrical equipment classification, about pure resistive load and inductive load classification. Now houses mainly in the emotional load washing machines, air conditioners, refrigerators, electric fans, fluorescent in inductive ballast; purely resistive load of mainly electric rice (fire) pot, electric water heaters, electric heaters, incandescent , heater and so on. Calculated to be classified.
Active computational load is equal to the sum of the capacity of similar electrical equipment multiplied by a need to factor that
Pjs = Kx? ΣPe
 

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